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How to Use This Book
Goals for the Handbook
Uses for the Handbook
Book Organization
I. Introduction
A. What Is Reading?
B. Why You Read
C. What Happens When You Read
1. Visualizing Reading
2. The Reading and Writing Process
II. The Reading Process
A. Before Reading
Set a Purpose, Preview, Plan
B. During Reading
Read with a Purpose, Connect
C. After Reading
Pause and Reflect, Reread, Remember
III. Reading Know-how
A. Essential Reading Skills
1. Making Inferences
2. Drawing Conclusions
3. Comparing and Contrasting
4. Evaluating
5. Predicting
B. Reading Actively
1. Being an Active Reader
2. Finding a Reading Place
3. Finding Time for Reading
C. Reading Paragraphs
1. Finding the Subject
2. Finding the Main Idea
D. Kinds of Paragraphs
1. The Trouble with Paragraphs
2. Knowing How Paragraphs Are Organized
E. Ways of Organizing Paragraphs
1. Time Order
2. Location Order
3. Order of Importance
4. Cause-Effect Order
5. Comparison-Contrast Order
IV. Reading Textbooks
A. Reading Different Subjects
1. Reading Social Studies
2. Reading Science
3. Reading Math
B. Focus on School Reading
1. Focus on Word Problems
2. Focus on Questions
C. Elements of Textbooks
Glossary; Headings and Titles; Illustrations and Photos;
Index; Maps; Previews; Table of Contents; Text
V. Reading Nonfiction
A. Reading Kinds of Nonfiction
1. Reading a Magazine Article
2. Reading a News Story
B. Ways of Reading Nonfiction
1. Focus on Personal Essays
2. Focus on Persuasive Writing
3. Focus on Biography
4. Focus on the Real-world Reading
C. Elements of Nonfiction
Argument or Persuasive Writing; Cause and Effect;
Chronological Order; Comparison and Contrast;
Connotation and Denotation; Details; Editorial; Fact and Opinion;
Interview; Lead; Main Idea; Problem and Solution;
Topic Sentence and Supporting Details;
VI. Reading Fiction
A. Reading Kinds of Fiction
1. Reading a Folktale
2. Reading a Novel
B. Ways of Reading Fiction
1. Focus on Characters
2. Focus on Setting
3. Focus on Dialogue
4. Focus on Plot
5. Focus on Theme
6. Focus on Authors
C. Elements of Fiction
Antagonist and Protagonist; Author's Purpose;
Characters; Dialogue; Genre; Mood;
Plot; Point of View; Setting; Style; Symbol; Theme
VII. Reading Poetry
A. Reading a Poem
B. Ways of Reading Poetry
1. Focus on Language
2. Focus on Meaning
3. Focus on Sound and Shape
C. Elements of Poetry
Alliteration; Connotation and Denotation; Exaggeration;
Free Verse; Idiom; Imagery; Metaphor; Mood; Onomatopoeia;
Personification; Rhyme and Rhyme Scheme; Rhythm;
Simile; Stanza; Symbol; Tone and Voice
VIII. Reading Drama
A. Reading a Play
B. Ways of Reading Drama
1. Focus on Language
2. Focus on Theme
C. Elements of Drama
Acts and Scenes; Cast of Characters; Dialogue;
Plot; Setting; Stage Directions; Theme
IX. Reading on the Internet
A. Reading a Website
B. Elements of the Internet
Email; Link; Search Engine; Website;
World Wide Web
X. Reading Graphics
A. Reading a Graphic
B. Elements of Graphics
Bar Graph; Circle Graph or Pie Chart; Diagram;
Drawings and Illustrations; Line Graph; Map; Photograph; Table; Timeline
XI. Reading for Tests
A. Reading a Test and Test Questions
B. Focus on Kinds of Tests
1. Focus on Writing for Tests
2. Focus on Math Tests
3. Focus on Science Tests
4. Focus on Social Studies Tests
XII. Improving Vocabulary
A. Learning New Words
1. Collect New Words
2. Use Your New Words
3. Exercise Your Word Skills
B. Building Vocabulary Skills
1. Look at Context Clues
2. Learn about Word Parts
3. Use Word Parts
4. Use a Dictionary
C. Understanding New Terms
D. Mastering Vocabulary Tests
1. Definition Questions
2. Synonym Questions
3. Antonym Questions
4. Words in a Paragraph
5. Analogy Questions
Reader's Almanac
Strategy Handbook
Close Reading; Looking for Cause and Effect;
Note-taking; Paraphrasing;
Questioning the Author; Reading Critically;
Skimming; Summarizing;Synthesizing;
Using Graphic Organizers;
Visualizing and Thinking Aloud
Reading Tools
Argument Chart; Cause-Effect Organizer;
Character Development Chart; Character Map;
Class and Text Notes; Concept Map; Critical Reading Chart;
Double-entry Journal; Fiction Organizer; 5 W's and H Organizer;
Inference Chart; Key Word or Topic Notes; K-W-L Chart;
Magnet Summary; Main Idea Organizer; Nonfiction Organizer;
Outline; Paraphrase Chart; Plot Diagram;
Process Notes; Setting Chart; Storyboard; Story Organizer;
Story String; Summary Notes; Theme Diagram;
Thinking Tree; Timeline; Two Per Line
Two Per Line; Venn Diagram; Web; Website Profiler
Word Parts
Prefixes; Suffixes; Greek and Latin Roots
Acknowledgments
Author and Title Index
Skills and Terms Index
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